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--- tutorial:scripting_state_model [2020/07/17 20:19]
admin [Tutorial: Automation Scripting - State Model]
+++ tutorial:scripting_state_model [2021/01/05 03:00]
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-====== Tutorial: Automation Scripting - State Model ======
-Learning Objectives:
-  * [[#Model scripting]]
-  * [[#Model triggers]]
-  * [[#Activating plugins]]
-  * [[#User variables]]
-  * [[#Assert and track requirements]]
-  * [[#Initialization scripts]]
-===== Model scripting =====
-[[https://groovy-lang.org/syntax.html | Apache Groovy]] script is the scripting language for your models.
-//Groovy// script is syntactically very similar to most of programming language that allows you to create classes, functions and basic logic and arithmetic operations.
-You will typically wrap your expected processing logic in a //groovy// function:
-   def MBT_Start () {
-      $SYS.log ('inside MBT_Start TRIGGER');
-   }
-The groovy function is then attached to the states and/or transitions in the model through annotation:
-   @TRIGGER('MBT_START')
-   def MBT_Start () {
-      $SELENIUM.setBrowserChrome ();
-      $SYS.log ('mbt started. ');
-   }
-where 'MBT_START' is the identifier of system trigger (MBT_START) or UID of the state / transition, below is an example of transition trigger:
-   @TRIGGER('U1072')
-   def 'Start: add25'() {
-      $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Quarter').perform('click');
-      bal = $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Balance').perform('getText');
-      if (bal.equals('0.25')) {
-          passMsg = "Insert one Quarter passed, balance confirmed: " + bal;
-          $SYS.addReqPassed("Q!", passMsg);
-      }
-      else {
-         failMsg = "Insert one Quarter failed, expecting balance of 0.25, but got " + bal;
-         $SYS.addReqFailed("Q1", failMsg, 'QUARTER-0-25');
-      }
-   }
-You will need to following import to the beginning of the script for the trigger annotation keyword:
-   import com.testoptimal.mscript.groovy.TRIGGER
-The above examples uses //SELENIUM// plugin with "$SELENIUM.setBrowserChrom()", you must activate //SELENIUM// plugin, see [[#Activating plugins]] for more details.
-Besides triggers, scripts are also used for building UI Page Objects, Cucumber style test step definition and MCases.  Please refer to the specific wiki pages/tutorials for more details.
-===== Model triggers =====
-[[../ide_script#trigger_script | Model triggers]] are model's execution hook to run groovy functions as model is executed.  Model triggers include:
-  * MBT_START - executed at the beginning of model execution and before model automation starts
-  * MBT_END - executed at the end of model execution
-  * MBT_FAIL - executed up each defect (bug) detection
-  * MBT_ERROR - executed on fatal error during model execution
-  * ALL_STATES - executed when any state is traversed before specific state trigger is executed
-  * ALL_TRANS - executed when any transition is traversed before specific transition trigger is executed
-  * Specific state trigger - executed when the specific state is traversed
-  * Specific transition trigger - executed when the specific transition is traversed
-Use the annotation //@TRIGGER('id or uid')// to attach a groovy function to the trigger.
-To create a trigger function, press //Ctrl-I// in [[../ide_script | Script Editor]] and select the trigger type or a state / transition from the code assist list:
-{{wiki:overview:tut_sccript_trigger_list.png?100}}
-Below is an excerpt from a model trigger scripts:
-   // Model Triggers
-   import com.testoptimal.mscript.groovy.TRIGGER
-   @TRIGGER('MBT_START')
-   def 'MBT_START' () {
-      $SELENIUM.setBrowser ($SYS.getExecDir().getExecSetting().getOption('ideBrowser'));
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('<html><body><H1>Test Output</H1>');
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('<ol>');\
-      $SYS.log ('mbt started. ');
-   }
-   @TRIGGER('MBT_END')
-   def 'MBT_END' () {
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('</ol></body></html>');
-      $SYS.saveTestOutput('testOutput.html');
-   }
-   @TRIGGER('MBT_FAIL')
-   def 'MBT_FAIL' () {
-      // Failure detected
-      $SELENIUM.snapScreen('');
-   }
-   @TRIGGER('MBT_ERROR')
-      def 'MBT_ERROR' () {
-   }
-   @TRIGGER('U1062')
-      def 'Start' () {
-      $SELENIUM.getWebDriver().get('http://localhost:' + $UTIL.getPort() + '/DemoApp/VendingMachine/VendingMachine.html');
-      $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Cancel').perform('click');
-      bal = $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Balance').perform('getText');
-      if (!bal.equals('0.00')) {
-         $SYS.addReqFailed ('Cancel failed to reset balance to 0.00', 'Cancel', 'CANCEL-FAILED');
-         $SYS.abort('Cancel does not work!!!');
-      }
-   }
-   @TRIGGER('U1072')
-   def 'Start: add25'() {
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('<li><span>Test Case '  + $SYS.getPathName() + '</span><ul>');
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('<li>Step: add a Quarter</li>');
-      $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Quarter').perform('click');
-      bal = $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Balance').perform('getText');
-      if (bal.equals('0.25')) {
-          passMsg = "Insert one Quarter passed, balance confirmed: " + bal;
-          $SYS.addReqPassed("Q!", passMsg);
-      }
-      else {
-          failMsg = "Insert one Quarter failed, expecting balance of 0.25, but got " + bal;
-          $SYS.addReqFailed("Q1", failMsg, 'QUARTER-0-25');
-      }
-   }
-   @TRIGGER('U1073')
-   def 'Start: add50'() {
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('<li><span>Test Case '  + $SYS.getPathName() + '</span><ul>');
-      $SYS.addTestOutput('<li>Step: add a Half-Dollar</li>');
-      $SYS.page('MainPage').element('HalfDollar').perform('click');
-      bal = $SYS.page('MainPage').element('Balance').perform('getText');
-      if (bal.equals('0.50')) {
-          passMsg = "Insert one HalfDollar passed, balance confirmed: " + bal;
-          $SYS.addReqPassed("Q!", passMsg);
-      }
-      else {
-          failMsg = "Insert one HalfDollar failed, expecting balance of 0.50, but got " + bal;
-          $SYS.addReqFailed("Q1", failMsg, 'QUARTER-0-50');
-      }
-   }
-===== Activating plugins =====
-Plugins provides additional script functions to interact with AUT or perform specific operations in the model scripts.
-Plugins must be activated for each model as described in [[../ide_script#plugins | activating plugins]].  Follow the instruction to activate //SELENIUM// plugin for this tutorial.  But feel free to experiment with other plugins.
-After the plugins are activated for the model, the plugin IDs are automatically added to the code-assist popup list (//Ctrl-Space//):
-{{wiki:idescreen:ide_script_ca.png? 100}}
-===== User and environment variables =====
-==== User Variables ====
-The variables that you created/declared in groovy scripts are local within the trigger/ function.  Often times you may want to create a global variable that is accessible from multiple triggers / functions.  //User Variable// does exactly that for you.
-To create a user variable, call a system function:
-   $VAR.var1 = 100
-And to reference a user variable any trigger functions:
-   $SYS.log ('User var1=' + $VAR.var1)
-Typically you would declare all user variables that you want to use in //MBT_START// trigger so that you know what user variables are being used in the model and make sure they are initialized to a default value:
-   @TRIGGER ('MBT_START')
-   def 'MBT_Start' () {
-      ...
-      $VAR.var1 = 100
-      ...
-   }
-==== Environment Variables ====
-//Environment Variables// are global in //TestOptimal// server and thus accessible to all running models.
-//Environment Variables// are configured / initialized in //config/config.properties// file, for example:
-    ENV.var1=value1
-    ENV.var2=value2
-They can be updated/set by script via //$SYS.setEnvVar(...)//, for example:
-   $SYS.setEnvVar('var1', 'value2');
-The new value is saved back to //config/config.properties// file and will survive server restart.
-//Environment Variables// are accessed via //$SYS.getEnvVar(...)//, for example:
-   $SYS.log("ENV variable var1=" + $SYS.getEnvVar('var1'));
-===== Assert and track requirements =====
-===== Initialization scripts =====